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Water potentials of the rivers are managed and controlled by construction of
the reservoir dams. If the river is long, its flow is high and the conditions for water usage of the river are provided, it is more advisable to construct several smaller dams on different locations on the river instead of one large dam at the outlet of the river valley. This decision can be made in order to shorten the distances of the transmit of the water and power yields of the river and it is meant more economical operation. The set of reservoirs constructed on a river or on its tributaries is named a system of reservoirs.
There are varieties of combinations which govern the relationships of the water usage of the system. Among the different combinations, the one that guarantees the most economical beneficial water usage is called the optimal operation of the system.
This article illustrates the application of the linear programming for optimal operation of such a system which is consisted of several sequent reservoir dams.