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Grouting is the process in which external materials are injected into the soil and rock pores, improving its strength to fit both the long and short term engineering goals.
Grouting is generally performed in soil in
of order to increase its strength, prevent
foundation soil settlement and create a water
sealing curtain to prevent inadmissible water seepage into tunnels and underground structures. Generally, the viscous grout mixture which is injected under pressure during the grout process flows into cavities and joints until they are blocked by the larger grout particles; therefore it is crucial to determine the suitability of the cement particle size which penetrates a porous medium. In general, investigation and design of such projects are merely based on empirical equations. However, analysis of the grout process in soil must be based on mathematical equations. In this paper, a mathematical model is developed which calculates the diameter of effective pore space of the soils and is then extended in order to determine the optimal cement particle size for grouting purposes assuming that the cement and soil particle sizes are spherical.