The conventional tunneling procedures for example drilling, charging, blasting,
loading and supporting, are highly developed. New tunneling machines
have recently come into operation and others are under construction or development.
Impactors are used in large numbers in the coal mining industry.
Face-heading machines are successfully used in new tunneling procedures in
both soft and medium-hard rocks. The so-called full facer machines which are
under development have considerable potential. In this paper some different
types of tunneling machines are described and particular attention is paid
to the latest development, the water-jet tunneling machine.
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